![]() ![]() This mineralization of the collagen matrix stiffens it and transforms it into bone. These monomers spontaneously assemble to form the bone matrix, for which bone crystals ( calcium hydroxyapatite) are deposited in amongst, in the form of insoluble crystals. Īt this stage, some of the fibroblasts begin to lay down bone matrix in the form of collagen monomers. Collagen's rubbery consistency allows bone fragments to move only a small amount unless severe or persistent force is applied. In this way, the blood clot is replaced by a matrix of collagen. The blood vessels also bring fibroblasts in the walls of the vessels and these multiply and produce collagen fibres. The new blood vessels bring phagocytes to the area, which gradually removes the non-viable material. Within a few days, blood vessels grow into the jelly-like matrix of the blood clot. The blood coagulates to form a blood clot situated between the broken fragments. The natural process of healing a fracture starts when the injured bone and surrounding tissues bleed, forming a fracture hematoma. (c) Cartilage of the calli is replaced by trabecular bone. Stages in Fracture Repair: The healing of a bone fracture follows a series of progressive steps: (a) A fracture hematoma forms. ARDS – Acute respiratory distress syndrome.Late complications – occurring a long time after the fracture.Early complications – occurring in the initial few days after the fracture.Immediate complications – occurs at the time of the fracture.Ĭomplications of fractures may be classified into three broad groups, depending upon their time of occurrence. One form of malunion is the malrotation of a bone, which is especially common after femoral and tibial fractures. Other complications may include non-union, where the fractured bone fails to heal or mal-union, where the fractured bone heals in a deformed manner. If not treated, eventually, compartment syndrome may require amputation of the affected limb. Some fractures may lead to serious complications including a condition known as compartment syndrome. Complications Īn old fracture with nonunion of the fracture fragments Involuntary muscle spasms trying to hold bone fragments in place.ĭamage to adjacent structures such as nerves, muscles or blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots (for spine fractures), or cranial contents (for skull fractures) may cause other specific signs and symptoms.Edema and hematoma of nearby soft tissues caused by ruptured bone marrow evokes pressure pain.Breaking in the continuity of the periosteum, with or without similar discontinuity in endosteum, as both contain multiple pain receptors.Signs and symptoms Īlthough bone tissue contains no pain receptors, a bone fracture is painful for several reasons: A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several fragments, known as a comminuted fracture. Your doctor can give you a more specific timeline based on your injury and overall health.Internal and external views of an arm with a compound fracture, both before and after surgeryĪ bone fracture (abbreviated FRX or Fx, F x, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of any bone in the body. You might also feel lingering stiffness for up to two years. Keep in mind that full recovery can take a year or more, especially for more severe wrist injuries. You can start working your way back up to your previous activity level within about three to six months, depending on your injury. Once the cast is off, it’ll be about one or two months before you can return to low-impact physical activities, such as swimming. Depending on the extent of the fracture, you might need to keep the cast on for a few weeks or a couple of months. Your doctor will likely follow up with regular X-rays every few weeks to get an idea of how things are healing. You may need a new cast if it starts to feel loose after the swelling subsides.įor more severe fractures requiring surgery, you’ll go straight into a cast after the procedure. If you need a cast, it’ll stay on for a few weeks while the swelling continues to go down and the bone heals. You may need to wear a splint to prevent your wrist from moving too much during this time. Generally, you’ll have swelling in your outer wrist for a few days. The healing time associated with an ulnar styloid fracture depends on how severe the fracture is and whether any other bones were fractured. ![]()
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